2025 04 蘇錦坤談日本古典《平家物語》
蘇錦坤分享了 1 則動態回顧。2025
翻譯簡評
https://www.facebook.com/hanching.chung/videos/3505285223031352
《平家物語》有一段講到高倉天皇（1161-1181）秉性溫和，據說有宮中僕人把天皇最愛的紅葉撿去溫酒，他非但不怪罪還讚美僕人風雅，千古傳為佳話。・鈴木春信（1724-1770）這幅浮世繪的靈感，可能來自高倉天皇的傳說吧？屋外葉子已染紅，屋內花魁和禿（貼身丫鬟也是實習生）正以紅葉溫酒，不過看到屏風上的題詩「林間煖酒燒紅葉」，不禁讓人懷疑畫家的靈感也許來自白居易的「林間煖酒燒紅葉，石上題詩掃綠苔」吧？・真正追根究底，古日本文學當中，有不少中國文學的影子，也許連高倉天皇的故事也是來自白居易的詩吧？
放棄講"佐伯祐三と中村彝；愛羅先珂等"，去 讀林皎碧女士介紹鈴木春信（1724-1770）的《平家物語 紅葉》之浮世繪後，讀周作人和鄭清茂兩大譯家的相關部分
https://www.facebook.com/hanching.chung/videos/269646841998852
THE TALE OF THE HEIKE的相關部分，很明白清楚，甚至不用註解。
SCARLET-TINGED LEAVES
I wonder who taught the servants the essence of Chinese poem ' Warming sake in the woods by burning maple leaves?"
Hanching Chung 的直播影片。
The Nobel ceremonies are of a nature similar to the one I referred to. Here too scientists are brought together with a writer. Again the scientists can look back on a life during which their work addressed a diminutive audience while the writer, in the present instance Samuel Beckett, has had the deepest impact on men in all walks of life. We find, however, a strange inversion when we come to talking about our work. While the scientists seem elated to the point of garrulousness at the chance of talking about themselves and their work, Samuel Beckett, for good and valid reasons, finds it necessary to maintain a total silence with respect to himself, his work, and his critics. Even though I was more thrilled by the award of the Nobel Prize to him than about the award to me and momentarily looked forward with intense anticipation to hearing his lecture, I now realize that he is acting in accordance with the rules laid down by the old witch at the end of a marionette play entitled “The Revenge of Truth”6.
“The truth, my children, is that we are all of us acting in a marionette comedy. What is more important than anything else in a marionette comedy is keeping the ideas of the author clear. This is the real happiness in life and now that I have at last come into a marionette play, I will never go out of it again. But you, my fellow actors, keep the ideas of the author clear. Aye, drive them to the utmost consequences.”https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1969/delbruck/lecture/
諾貝爾頒獎典禮的性質與我提到的類似。在這裡，科學家也與作家相聚一堂。再次，科學家可以回顧他們的一生，其作品只針對一小部分讀者，而作家（本文中提到的塞繆爾·貝克特）則對各行各業的人們產生了最深遠的影響。然而，當我們談論我們的工作時，我們發現了一種奇怪的逆轉。科學家似乎因為有機會談論自己和自己的工作而興奮不已，甚至有些喋喋不休，而塞繆爾·貝克特卻出於正當理由，認為有必要對自己、自己的工作以及批評者保持絕對沉默。儘管我對於他獲得諾貝爾獎比對於我獲得諾貝爾獎更加激動，並且一度熱切地盼望著聽到他的演講，但我現在意識到，他正在按照木偶劇《真相的複仇》6 結尾處老巫婆制定的規則行事。
孩子們，事實上，我們都在演一齣木偶喜劇。在木偶喜劇中，最重要的是保持作者的思路清晰。這才是人生真正的幸福，如今我終於進入了木偶劇，就再也離不開它了。而你們，我的演員夥伴們，要保持作者的思路清晰。是的，要讓作者的思維發揮到極致
Max Delbrück (1906-1981) was a biophysicist and Nobel laureate who made seminal discoveries in the DNA-based replication of viruses. He was a pioneer in molecular genetics, and, unlike so many scientists of today, he had a profound understanding of the philosophical underpinnings of modern biology. He was a life-long student of Aristotle, and in his Nobel acceptance speech he credited the Stagirite with remarkable prescience of molecular genetics.
Delbrück:
At the very beginnings of science the striking dissimilarities between the behavior of living and nonliving things became obvious. Two tendencies can be discerned in the attempts to arrive at a unified view of our world. One tendency is to use the living organism as the model system. This tendency is exemplified by Aristotle. For him, the son of a physician and the keen observer of many forms of life, it was obvious that things develop according to plans. Every animal and plant is generated in some definite way, runs through a cycle of development in which it unfolds its inherent plan, and succumbs to death and decay. For Aristotle, this very obvious feature of the world which surrounds us is the model for understanding our (sublunar) world.
In antiquity, there were two views of how the gametes transmitted life. Many pre-Socratic philosophers believed that miniature replicas — homunculi — of the parents were incorporated in the sperm. Aristotle insisted that the transmission of life was a transmission of form, not of matter. The transmission of life from parent to child was the transmission of a plan, which could be understood as a principle incorporated in matter but ontologically distinct from matter.
In a paper written shortly after his Nobel lecture, Delbrück endorsed Aristotle’s anti-reductionism and noted the “essential beauty” of a living organism, understood as a complete individual:
Just so one should approach the study of any animal with reverence, in the certainty that any of them are natural and beautiful. I say “beautiful” because in the works of nature and precisely in them there is always a plan and nothing accidental. The full realization of the plan, however, that for which a thing exists and towards which it has developed, is its essential beauty. Also one should have it clearly in mind that one is not studying an organ or a vessel for its own sake but for the sake of the functional whole. One deals with a house, not with bricks, or wood. Thus the natural scientist deals with the functional whole, not with its parts, which as separate entities have no existence.
The author at Bioperipatetic notes:
Biogenesis, the development of entire organisms from strands of DNA containing the “plans” for all possible protein molecules needed to create and to continuously sustain the life of a given species, is a dramatic case of emergence. Life cannot be reduced to the molecular properties of DNA alone. What is needed is to explain the dynamics of biogenesis and the incredibly intricate coordination and synchronization of complex activities within each individual living cell that bring about the emergence and maintenance of life itself. For a dramatic presentation of the profound complexity, and intricate orchestration of life processes within each of the 120 trillion cells in each of our bodies, view the 7-part series: Secret Universe: The Hidden Life of the Cell.
Bioperipatetic goes on:
Soon after delivering that Nobel lecture, Max Delbrück, in 1971, wrote a paper in homage to Aristotle’s brilliant theory, entitled “Aristotle — totle — totle” (and later in a personal letter to a dear relative with the title: “How Aristotle Discovered DNA.”), recommended that Aristotle be awarded the Nobel prize in biology for his discovery of the principle underlying DNA, i.e., a plan as the causal principle for the creation of a new organism. Thus the plan is used to guide the future development of the new born, but is itself unchanged in the process.
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7月23日反思 0723 2021：蘇錦坤著《法句經 --- 白話文版，含巴利文法分析》；胡適《白話文學史》引的《法句經》。1906年維也納
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問：吳天竺沙門維祇難等譯法句經經 各品名，對應你的新著之品名
今天 預計談： 7月23日反思 0723 2021：蘇錦坤著《法句經 --- 白話文版，含巴利文法分析》；胡適《白話文學史》引的《法句經》蘇錦坤答：
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https://cbetaonline.dila.edu.tw/zh/T0210
***西元224年支謙翻譯的
https://nianjue.org/article/53/534742.html
人們之所以敬畏太陽是因為他能給人帶來光明，人們之所以敬重父親是因為他於自己有恩，人們之所以尊重君主是因為他有強大的武力，人們之所以事奉有道之人是因為他多聞佛法的緣故。(十二)
胡適《白話文學史》引的《法句經》
法句经,教学品. ... 法救尊者是公元一世紀的北印度人，他重新整理古來傳誦的佛祖法句，編集出新的《法句經》。 法句，或譯法跡。法，是佛弟子所行與所證的。
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