2022年7月20日 星期三

嚴耕望先生誕辰100週年;《治史三書》增《錢穆傳》;嚴耕望的罰詩楊(聯陞家嘉賓簿).....





嚴耕望: 我們彼此都感到很投契1957/ 1959/ 1961.余英時:敬悼嚴耕望學長、與錢穆及余英...

治史三書





严耕望:钱穆的后半生
M.THEPAPER.CN

著名歷史學家嚴耕望的《治史三書》包括《治史經驗談》《治史答問》《錢穆賓四先生與我》三部分,該書被認為是“金針度人的治學入門書”(虞云國語),“所論處處針對學子所需,實在而具體”(羅志田語),自初版即受到學界重視。今年是嚴耕望先生誕辰100週年,《治史三書》增訂再版,其中新增了2萬字《錢穆傳》,(澎湃新聞摘)



穆到江南任教,唐君毅亦在校。為兩人論交之始。三十八年春皆應廣州私立華僑大學聘,旋隨校遷香港。穆在廣州,曾訪陳寅恪、楊樹達等,寅恪外出,僅晤其夫人,又從君毅訪熊十力,諸人皆不欲離國境。蓋八年抗戰之後,多數知識分子憚於流離,而於共黨政權咸抱憧憬心態。一日街頭偶遇張其昀,雲擬於香港創辦學校,堅邀與謝幼偉、崔書琴等共襄其事。及到港,其昀先應總統蔣中正召赴台北,幼偉等續籌辦校事,定名亞洲文商書院,內定穆為院長。穆自度不能英粵兩語,甚感為難,但已向教育司立案,只得勉承。而幼偉突因事赴南洋,書琴亦去台北,乃邀君毅與新知張丕介共同效力。
亞洲書院以三十八年十月開學,夜間上課。明年秋別創日校,擇址九龍深水埗桂林街,曰新亞書院。其宗旨在上溯宋明講學精神,旁採西歐導師制度,揭櫫人文主義,溝通東西文化。故其課程首重通識,再求專長。其教學,除堂授基本課程外,採導師制度,以導師之整體學養為學生作親切指導。始創期僅文史、哲教、經濟、商學四系,稍後擴充,分文理商三學院,文院轄中文、歷史、哲學社會、英國語文、藝術五系,理院轄數學、生物、物理、化學四系,商院轄經濟、商學、工商管理三系。初期教授僅穆與君毅、丕介等數人,稍後有趙冰、吳俊升、任泰、劉百閔、羅香林、張維翰、梁寒操、衛挺生、陳伯莊、程兆熊、楊汝梅等陸續來校,或純盡義務,成為當時國內學人來港者之一薈萃地,故亦特為香港教育司所重視。學生多為流亡青年,多得免費。學校課程之外,週末舉行公開學術講座,校外來聽者常七八十人。
學校初期經費僅恃新交滬商王岳峰支持,但王非富商,事不能久。其時香港有創第三黨之醞釀,聞由美國支持,屢邀穆參加,皆堅拒不應。一日,創黨活動中之某君來談,願獨力支持新亞經費,穆亦緩卻之。惟學校經費實已瀕絕境,同人乃促穆赴台北,冀獲支援,遂有一九五〇年冬台北之行。承各方宴詢校政,總統蔣中正邀晤餐聚,囑總統府月撥三千港元供臨時之用。事定,應邀至台灣中南部各學校與陸海軍校講演;北歸又在師範學院講文化學大義,在“國防部”總政治部講中國歷史精神,後皆增補出版。而《人生十論》亦就各校講詞整理而成。一九五一年秋撰《中國思想史》。其冬復到台北。明年春應“總統府”戰略顧問委員會邀講中國歷代政治得失,後出書,甚為海內外學人所重。蓋此書雖不甚精,但別具慧眼,以淺顯語辭,闡發中國傳統政治內蘊之幽光,殊多勝處,為前此政書與時賢講論者所不逮。是年四月十六日,應朱家驊之邀,為聯合國中國同志會作例行講演,講壇設淡江學院新建驚聲堂。講詞方畢,屋頂水泥塌落,聽講者立法委員柴春霖重傷不治,穆亦頭破昏迷,幸能康復,時年五十八。
穆在台講學受傷,而學校亦面臨兩大困難。其一,新亞校歌云“手空空,無一物”,“艱險我奮進,困乏我多情”,此為穆領導一群流亡學人辦學之真實精神,創校以來,奔走乞援,時有山窮水盡之懼。其二,是年香港政府頒布條例,私立學校皆須向工商署登記為商業營利企業,此絕違新亞教育之崇高理想,穆謂,新亞同仁枵腹從公,為教育理想而奮鬥,若自承商業營利,乃中國文化之污點,故寧可停辦,不能苟全。經大律師趙冰向高等法院奮力爭取經年,至明年夏,終獲法院與港督特案批准為不牟利學校,乃香港私校之一創格。同時經費亦漸有轉機。蓋新亞學人艱毅奮鬥之精神,漸引起香港社會與美國文教人士之欽敬,一九五二、五三年間先有亞洲協會代表艾維(James Ivy)主動協助經費,繼有耶魯大學教授盧定(Harry Rudin)代表雅禮協會與新亞協議,作全面支持。時稍後於不牟利登記事。兩項困難獲得解決,新亞前途始漸穩定。
一九五四年夏,穆應蔣經國邀至台北,在救國團講演,題為中國思想通俗講話。明年秋,又應“教育部”之邀,率團至日本報聘訪問,歷訪東京、京都、奈良諸地,在兩京大學作公開講演,深感日本上下對於侵華戰爭殊無悔意,而日本社會則在大變化中,左傾趨向,大堪警惕。其後定居台北,复兩度往日韓訪問,獲讀韓國多家理學書,歸來有所述作。
是年秋,新亞在嘉林邊道增租新舍,兩處上課。旋復由盧定洽得福特基金會捐款建校舍,擇址農圃道,由港府撥地興工,一九五六年落成。新亞自一九五〇年創校,至此六年,始有自建校舍。

穆辦學,意在宏揚中國文化,初期雖經費無著,僅創辦系院,但無時不思積極籌辦研究所,期能培育專才,步入研究之路。至一九五三年,獲亞洲協會支持,開始籌辦,設址太子道。一九五五年春,哈佛燕京學社社長賴謝夫(Edwin O. Reischauer)來港,始全力支持在嘉林邊道正式開辦招生,並專款購置圖書,出版《新亞學報》。新亞創辦初期,無力購書,至此始設圖書館;新舍落成,圖書館面積七千餘平方呎,為全校各部門之最,迄穆離任,圖書存藏除雜誌期刊外,逾十萬冊,內有明版、手稿、初刊等珍籍。蓋穆以為一校之靈魂在圖書,故建校以圖書館為中心,極力搜求備用也。研究所即設圖書館上層。學生畢業,擇優留所任助理研究員,為期五年,俾能潛心建立基礎;今分佈海外大學任教者數十人。而《學報》為當時香港唯一大型學術性期刊,選刊師生重要論著。學生有成,《學報》享譽,遂漸奠定新亞在國際學術界之地位。永久性校舍落成,國際地位提升,自此新亞前途始步上康莊大道。
穆辦新亞,雖獲美國多方協助,但以儒家教育理想為宗旨,故校內懸掛孔子畫像。雅禮代表建議,並掛耶穌基督像,穆以新亞非教會學校,斷然否決。
其時,香港私立書院七八所,惟穆所辦新亞獲美國多方面作財力支持,深為港府所注意,遂於一九五五年香港大學畢業禮中頒贈名譽博士學位,以示尊重。
穆原配早逝,民國十八年,續姻張氏,與諸子女皆留大陸。穆戰時避地滇川,大陸易幟,流寓香港,皆獨居無侶,生活維艱。至一九五六年春與胡美琦締婚,生活始上軌道。胡氏出江西南昌大家,先就讀廈門大學,隨家避地香港,就學新亞,旋至台灣,任職台中師範圖書館。穆在台講演受傷,赴台中休養,胡氏每日抽暇伴侍,遂漸萌感情,後畢業於台北師範大學,復來香港,得日常相見,終結連理。
香港居民以華人為主,而無華語大學,教育輿論各界早有呼籲。其時新亞既獲美國多方面協助,美國各教會旋又支持創辦崇基書院,亞洲協會亦資助其他五所私立書院,合併為聯合書院,一九五九年,香港政​​府鑑於此種情勢,遂有集合三校創辦公立大學之議。惟新亞同人多持異見,穆以為新亞建校,本供流亡青年就學機會,今時局已定,為諸生前途計,應交港府負責;且自感精力日衰,宜當擺脫行政。參加大學之議遂定。

一九五九年,崇基、新亞、聯合三院組成香港中文大學。
一九六〇年正月,穆應耶魯大學之邀在其東方學系講學半年,由李田意翻譯,故能暢所欲言。課外多暇,續撰《論語新解》。學期結束,耶魯特頒贈名譽博士學位,並請李田意在典禮中以華語作介紹,為耶魯典禮中未嘗有之先例。
穆旅美期間,曾遊波士頓、紐約、華盛頓、芝加哥,在哈佛東方研究所、哥倫比亞丁龍講座、中美文化協會、芝加哥大學講演,由芝加哥經大峽谷,到舊金山、西雅圖,折返芝加哥至水牛城,遊尼加拉大瀑布,轉赴加拿大多倫多,復返美東紐約,中途作千島遊,再由紐約至英國,踐離港前之約,與富爾敦爵士(Lord John Fulton)商創辦大學事,為校長用人,數度爭持,定議聘任華人。後乃遍遊倫敦諸勝,深感民情保守,而社會閒逸,與美迥異。及轉巴黎,乃感民風閒逸,又勝於英。會學校函促速歸,乃急轉羅馬回港;擇居沙田西林寺後和風颱,面臨海澨如平湖,風光儼如江南。其時富爾敦又來港,議校名,穆謂不如迳名中文大學,眾無異議。大學以一九六三年十月成立,新亞為基本成員學院。
穆自中年以後本已無意行政,其辦新亞,實出一時之計,故早欲引退。但念“儒家處世,必求有一本末終始之道”,“既已作始,必有一終。”此時新亞不但創校之艱難階段已過,且三院十二系及研究所、圖書館皆具規摸,根基既固,前途發展亦可穩定無虞,乃向董事會提出辭呈,未獲通過;明年夏,再度請辭,董事會知不可留,遂定議休假一年,明年卸任。穆自辦亞洲文商書院,至新亞辭職,十六年間,為其平生最忙碌時期,學術研究,較前顯有遜色。至此始復能杜門研作,再創新猷。
穆幼年就讀果育小學,從顧紫翔受《大學章句序》,自後於朱學體悟日深,常思作透實研討。一九六四年休假之始,即暫移居青山灣鄉村小樓,幽靜尤勝沙田,擬定退休生活計劃,首為撰寫《朱子新學案》。一九六五年夏,南洋大學商聘出任校長,馬來亞大學亦邀講學,穆不欲再涉行政,遂應馬來亞之聘;惟不勝南國濕氣,胃病復發,明年二月即返香港,仍寓沙田舊址。至一九六七年十月遷寓台北。承“總統”蔣中正禮遇,於士林外雙溪,築庭園小樓,背山臨溪,署榜素書樓。蓋幼居五世同堂大宅之素書堂側,故以名新居。明年七月以最高票當選“中央研究院”院士,象徵中國文史學界不同學派之結合,尤具重大意義。
鄉居多暇,獲哈佛專案研究費,悉心撰寫《朱子新學案》,前後七年成書,自謂不卸新亞校政,絕不能成此專著。穆治學本擅考證,中年以後,為矯時弊,強調通識。此書為其晚年大著作,以考證之功夫成其通識之意境,書成複挈要匯通為《提綱》一篇,更見精卓。楊聯陞讀之,讚歎不置,謂穆治中國學術思想史,“博大精深,並世無能出其右者”。聯陞為國際漢學批評名家,態度向極嚴肅,定非虛美。凡能於中國學術思想史略有認識者亦當不河漢斯言!近有所謂新儒家學派者,或列穆名。實則穆為傳統正宗儒家,故特重歷史傳統文化,而於前代學人最重朱子,故專題研究,成此巨著。其傳統儒家之本質於此兩事,尤可顯見。若新儒家者,倡言道學,以道統自居,跡近宗教,已遠離傳統儒家之務實精神;穆立身治學,絕非其類也。



楊聯陞在新亞書院。

學案既成,遂應張其昀之約,任中國文化學院史學研究所教席,在家授課,台灣大專師生多人旁聽,成《中國史學名著》與《雙溪獨語》等書。复應蔣复璁之約任故宮博物院特聘研究員。院在素書樓對面,每日到院讀《四庫全書》中宋元明理學家諸集,續有撰述,成《孔子傳》與《理學六家詩鈔》等書。穆不常作詩,但好讀古人詩集。以為“吟前人詩,如出己肺腑,此亦人生一大樂趣”。其於前代詩家,特重淵明,自謂“性偏剛進,陶詩閒適,高明柔克,實於自己偏處求補”。而此《詩鈔》,亦皆取心境恬淡胸懷灑落之作,示學者以“進窺理學一新門徑”。其時又自編平生有關中國思想論著為《中國學術思想史論叢》,分時代為八冊;唯《莊老通辨》、《兩漢經學今古文平議》、《中國學術通義》等仍各獨立為書。
一九七七年,穆年八十三,胃痛劇作,幾不治。明年春漸愈,但兩目失明。會新亞創設錢穆講座,懇邀為首次主講人,情不能卻,題為“從中國歷史看中國民族性及中國文化”。又明年,新亞創校三十年紀念,復到香港,前時熱心協助新亞之盧定,亦來港與會,把晤言歡,回念前塵,感慨不已!
一九八〇、八一年,复兩度到港,獲與留居大陸三子拙、行、遜,兩女易、輝,及長姪偉長先後相見。三十餘年海天違隔,幸能一晤。一九八四年秋,穆復到港,在港門人為慶祝九十壽辰,大陸子女與孫松、孫女婉約亦得來會,其時精神仍甚健旺。一九八九年九月二十八日為新亞創校四十週年,穆以九十五高齡,仍能應邀到港與會,於個人,於新亞,皆大可欣喜事,但健康已大不如前!
一九八六年,穆九十二歲生辰,在素書樓講最後一課,吿別杏壇,“總統”蔣經國念穆學林泰斗,民之碩望,特禮聘為“總統府”資政,以表尊學崇德之忱。一九九〇年五月遷寓台北市區內杭州南路新居,勞碌一生,至此始有自置寓所。
穆年七十時,已患青光眼,目力日衰,終至失明。但一向下筆千言,字甚工整,極少改訂,晚年目盲,展紙落筆,亦僅偶有疊字,故仍能撰述,惟不能親改,必賴夫人誦讀,口授訂正,是以仍能著述不輟,最後出書曰《晚學盲言》,雖云自謙,亦屬紀實。
穆壯年時代,雖體魄強健,但為傳統書生,不能自理生活。抗戰期間,輾轉後方,無家人照料,常致胃病肆發,苦受折磨;及香港成婚,生活始上軌道。夫人篤愛情深,又心向學術,以為維護夫君健康,即為學術盡一分神聖責任,故於起居飮食,精心照顧;意趣情懷,體貼入微。伉儷情濃,老而彌篤;舊新友生,同聲歸美。及穆年近期頤,腦力衰耗,時失記憶,且乏食慾,夫人千慮百計,尋醫進藥,期能延年於萬一。但年事已高,心力衰竭,終以一九九〇年八月三十日上午九時許,安詳中一瞑不視,享年九十六。魁斗星沉,國府褒揚,士林震悼!明年一月歸葬於太湖西山之俞家渡石皮山。
一九七四年,穆年八十,生辰之前,偕夫人南游,寓梨山、武陵農場等地,撰《八十憶雙親》,後又撰《師友雜憶》。此兩《憶》,不僅為穆之自傳;其前半且為清末民初江南社會教育文化風貌之珍貴實錄,穆一生行誼思想意識亦正由此一環境誘育而成。而觀穆行誼,終其一生雖一介書生,但治學之暇,喜遊歷,醉心大自然山水幽寧中,得人生至趣;又於棋管遊藝無所不愛;交遊頗廣,論議敏健,先後辦學,一以理想為依歸。兼此諸端,可謂多采多姿,亦可謂學林一異人!惟其最成功之一面,仍在史學研究。

綜觀穆一生治學,少年時代,廣泛習讀中國古籍,尤愛唐宋韓歐至桐城古文,後漸趨向學術研究。壯年以後,偏向史學發展,故史學根基特為廣闊,亦極深厚。再就其治學途徑程序言,先由子學入門,壯年時代,最顯著成績偏在考證功夫;中年以後,以通識性論著為重。但不論考證或通識論著,涉及範圍皆甚廣泛,如政治,如地理,亦涉社會與經濟,惟重心觀點仍在學術思想,此仍植基於青年時代之子學愛好。是以常強調學術領導政治,學統超越政統。
近七十年來,中國史壇甚盛,名家大師輩出。論根柢深厚、著作宏富,不僅穆一人;但其才氣磅礴,識力深透,文章勁悍,幾無比倫。直到晚年,後輩學人從其問學,仍常感其思如泉湧,隨時提出新觀點;退而思之,亦多有理據​​,非恣意想像之說。縱或感其論點如天馬行空,難可捉摸,但仍富啟發性,好學深思者,聽其言,讀其書,不論能否領受,皆可獲啟示,當別開蹊徑,不能執著,拘守成規,此為其著作除建立本身論點外,對於史學教育之另一貢獻,殊為難能!
穆自民國二十年代,驟躍居史壇前列,聲譽日隆,於同輩中年齒最少,而年壽最永,其謝世亦標識同輩史壇之落幕。民國以來,史家述作甚豐,穆著述尤富,遍涉中國文史哲藝,諸多別識,今後學人含英咀華,必將有更深遠之影響。




最後一課集:(1)胡適之先生譯都德Alphonse Daudet 的《最後一課。 (2) “Vive la France!” France, Alsace. France, Alsace. Alsace and Lorraine.、《柏林之圍》:兼談郝運先生的翻譯






喻麗清紀念專輯(1945-2017) - OCWWA
www.ocwwa.org › yu-li-qing-special

海外女作家協會第五屆會長,名作家、詩人喻麗清於8月2日清晨在北加州離世。家屬依照她 ... 本會網站推出「喻麗清紀念專輯」,以新詩、短文向她致敬,以表緬懷。部分姊妹 ... 很感寬慰。《盲愛》1993--此書序說,從英文版重譯的.....

"胡適的〈最後的一課〉等,還不是從英文翻譯,為我們留下感人的短篇......" (大略)
從胡適之先生的劉學日記,可知他直接翻譯自法文。胡的老師要寫信給都德遺孀報告......



----

胡適之先生翻譯都德名作的時間為《最後一課》 (1912)、《柏林之圍》(1914)。
郝運先生翻譯《最後一課》、《圍攻柏林》,收入《都德小說選》上海譯文,2000。

換句話說,胡適、郝運的翻譯時間,約相距80年以上。地名等專有名稱都不同了。
胡適之先生的《最後一課》、《柏林之圍》文章,多次收入課本,成為經典。

郝運先生在其《譯本序》中說,
《最後一課》曾教育過好幾代中國的孩子......重新提起他的名字和小說,.......心靈深處的老朋友,.......當然想更多地了解一些有關他的情況。
今天重讀胡適之先生和郝運先生翻譯的《最後一課》、《柏林之圍》,有不少溫故知新的心得。






維基百科,自由的百科全書


阿爾封斯·都德
阿爾封斯·都德Alphonse Daudet)(1840年5月13日-1897年12月17日),法國寫實派小說家,有自己獨特的風格。特別是他的短篇小說,《最後一課》、《柏林之圍》等作品都已成為世界文學的珍品。


















今法國中學並沒有設置都德的《最後一課》,甚至許多法國人也不知道都德是何人。


阿爾薩斯許多老百姓還說德語,不是單純的因為德國對其佔領的奴化教育,而是因為阿爾薩斯在古代本屬於德國哈布斯堡家族的領地,居民都說德語,1552年被法國佔領統治後,當地居民對法語存在抵制傾向。當普法戰爭結束,阿爾薩斯重新成為德國領土後,150萬居民中只有5萬說法語的居民。但在《最後一課》中,寫得似乎全阿爾薩斯的人都把法語當母語,顯然和歷史大相徑庭。
  二戰後,法國驅逐了許多1871年後移入阿爾薩斯的德裔居民,學校上課一律用法語,街道和店舖名字也只準用法語,但是六十多年也沒能從根本上改變當地生活語言還有德語的現實,或許當地的德裔居民學到了都德的《最後一課》並深受影響,於是以其人之道還治其人之身,依舊牢固地堅持自己的民族語言。



the last class
by  [?]

That morning, Franz was taking his way very slowly to school. He had a great dread of being scolded, particularly as the school-master had said that the lesson for the day would be on participles about which Franz did not know a word. Suddenly an idea came to him. He would go through the fields.

It was so warm, so clear. He heard the blackbirds whistling on the borders of the wood, and in the meadow, behind the saw-mill, the Prussians were drilling. Then, as he passed on by the residence of the mayor, Franz saw them putting a notice on the gate. There, for two years, had been given out all the bad news; lost battles for Alsace, calls to arms, the orders of the command. The blacksmith and his apprentice were putting up the notice, and Franz called,

“What has happened, that they are posting a bulletin again?” But the blacksmith spoke gruffly,

“Why do you loiter, little one? It is not safe. Run along quickly to school.”

So Franz made haste at last, although he was sure that the blacksmith was not in earnest, and he arrived all breathless, at his class.

School seemed, somehow, very different to Franz that morning. There was ordinarily a good deal of noise as the children came in from the street, desks were opened, and lessons were repeated out loud and all in unison, and the school-master pounded with his ruler on his table.

Now, however, there was silence.

Although Franz was late, the school-master looked at him without the least anger, and spoke softly as he said, “Go quickly to your place, my little Franz. We have already begun without you.”

Franz seated himself at his desk. Only then, his fear gone, he noticed that the master had on his best green frock coat, his finely plaited shirt and the black silk cap that he never wore except on a day when there were prizes given out in school. All the children were extraordinarily quiet. But what surprised Franz the most was to see at the back of the room, seated on the benches which were ordinarily empty, the people of the village. There was an old soldier with his tri-colored flag, the old mayor of the town, the postman, and many others. Everyone seemed sad. And the old soldier had a spelling book, ragged on the edges, that he held open on his knees, as he followed the pages through his great spectacles.

As little Franz watched all this, astonished, the school-master rose from his chair, and in the same grave, soft voice in which he had spoken to the boy, he said,

“My children, this is the last time that I shall teach your class. The order has come from Berlin that no language but German shall be taught in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine. Your new master arrives to-morrow. To-day, you will have your last lesson in French. I pray that you will be very attentive.”

Franz’s last lesson in French! And he could not write it without mistakes! He remembered all the time that he had wasted, the lessons he had missed in hunting for birds’ nests, or skating on the river. He thought of his books that would remind him always now, of his laziness–his grammar, his history, a present from his friend, the school-master, from whom he must part now with so much pain. In the midst of these thoughts, Franz heard his name called. It was his turn to recite.

He would have given a great deal to be able to recite the famous order of the participles, without a mistake, to give them clearly, and without a fault. But he confused them at the first word, and remained standing beside his desk, his heart trembling, not daring to raise his head. He heard the school-master speaking to him,

“I am not going to rebuke you, little Franz. You are already punished. Every day you have said to yourself, ‘Bah, I have plenty of time; to-morrow I will study.'”


“Ah, that has been the great fault in our Alsace, that of always putting off learning until another day. In the meantime, all the world has been quite right in saying of us, ‘How is it that you pretend to be French, and yet are not able to read and write your own language!’ Of all who are here, my poor little Franz, you are not the only one at fault. We all must reproach ourselves.”

Then the school-master told them of his longing to still teach the children the French language. He said that it would always be the most beautiful language of the world. He said that he wanted it treasured in Alsace and never forgotten, because, when a people fall into slavery it is almost like holding the key to their prison if they can speak to each other in the same tongue. Afterward he took a grammar and went over the lesson with the children. All that he read seemed suddenly quite easy to Franz; he had never attended so well, and never before had he understood how patient the school-master was in his explanations.

When the lesson was finished, writing was begun. For this last day, the master had prepared fresh copies.

France, Alsace. France, Alsace.

The copies were like little flags, floating all over the schoolroom from the tops of the desks. Nothing broke the great silence but the scratching of the pens upon the paper. Suddenly some May bugs flew in through the window, but no one noticed them. On the roof of the school some pigeons began to coo, and Franz thought to himself, “Will it be commanded that the birds, too, speak to us in a foreign language?”

From time to time, as Franz lifted his eyes from his paper, he saw the school-master sitting quietly in his chair, and looking all about him, as if he wanted to remember always every child and every bit of furniture in his little schoolroom. Only think, for forty years, he had been there in his place, with the playground facing him, and his class always as full! Only the benches and the desks which had once been polished were worn from usage now; the walnut trees in the yard had grown very large, and the hop vine that he, himself, had planted twined now above the window and as far as the roof. It was breaking the heart of the school-master to leave all these things.

But he had the courage to carry on the class to the very end. After the writing lesson, he began the lesson in history. Afterward, the little ones sang their A. B. C.’s all together and at the end of the room the old soldier took off his spectacles and, holding his spelling book in his two hands, he read off the letters with them.

Suddenly the clock in the tower of the village church sounded the hour of noon. Instantly, the trumpet call of the Prussians, returning from their drilling, burst through the windows. The school-master rose, quite pale, in his place. Never had he seemed so great to the children.

“My friends,” he said, “my little friends, I–“

But he could say no more; he was not able to speak the words. He turned to the blackboard and, taking a piece of chalk, he wrote upon it,

Vive la France!”

Afterward, he remained there, his head resting against the wall, and, without speaking, he made a sign with his hand.

“It is finished. You are dismissed.”




送別集 (1): 趙元任家、張充和等人送別胡適之先生加州講學 (1957.1.29)張充和暢〈遊園〉、〈思凡〉;元任彈唱胡適的〈上山〉〈他〉〈也是微雲〉,又唱〈老天爺歌〉

 

送別集 (1): 趙元任家、張充和等人送別胡適之先生加州講學 (1957.1.29)張充和暢〈遊園〉、〈思凡〉;元任彈唱胡適的〈上山〉〈他〉〈也是微雲〉,又唱〈老天爺歌〉

 



送別集 (1):  趙元任家、張充和等人送別胡適之先生加州講學 (1957.1.29)

https://www.facebook.com/hanching.chung/videos/7764354353605838


胡適日記

韻卿母女做菜。

張充和暢〈遊園〉、〈思凡〉

元任彈唱胡適的〈上山〉〈他〉〈也是微雲〉,又唱〈老天爺歌〉

多數朋友都從趙家送我到飛機場

十點起飛

2022年7月19日 星期二

讀 余英時《 試論林語堂的海外著述 》1994;新"資料":周策縱:致林語堂,1953年8月13、合山究(訳)的《蘇東坡》(上下)1980明徳出版。1986講談社學術文庫;紐約時報書評1947.11, ROBERT PAYNE作。《啼笑皆非》 自譯: 眾譽 胡適之先生談杜甫詩、Robert Payne 及 《羌村詩》。Robert Payne 在紐約時報 (November 23, 1947)關於林語堂的蘇東坡傳THE GAY GENIUS: THE LIFE AND TIMES OF SU TUNG-PO. By Lin Yu-tang的書評


   讀 余英時《 試論林語堂的海外著述 》1994;新"資料":周策縱:致林語堂,1953年8月13、合山究(訳)的《蘇東坡》(上下)1980明徳出版。1986講談社學術文庫;紐約時報書評1947.11, ROBERT PAYNE作。《啼笑皆非》 自譯: 眾譽 (小川環樹、周策縱、余英時......)林語堂 The gay genius, the life and times of Su Tungpo. By Lin Yutang. 1947

https://www.facebook.com/hanching.chung/videos/414162260738749


Robert Payne 在紐約時報關於林語堂的蘇東坡傳的書評

THE GAY GENIUS: THE LIFE AND TIMES OF SU TUNG-PO. By Lin Yu-tang. 427 pp. New York: The John Day Co. $3.76. Chinese Poet and Philosopher
CONTINUE READING:
 
PDF
****

1961年12月27日,臺大醫院
(胡頌平《胡適之先生晚年談話錄》(1984),頁275)










ㄑㄧㄤ ㄘㄨㄣ
羌村


朝代:唐代

作者:杜甫

原文:
崢嶸赤雲西,日腳下平地。
柴門鳥雀噪,歸客千里至。
妻孥怪我在,驚定還拭淚。
世亂遭飄蕩,生還偶然遂!
鄰人滿牆頭,感嘆亦歔欷。
夜闌更秉燭,相對如夢寐。
晚歲迫偷生,還家少歡趣。
嬌兒不離膝:畏我復卻去。
憶昔好追涼,故繞池邊樹。
蕭蕭北風勁,撫事煎百慮。
賴知禾黍收,已覺糟牀注。
如今足斟酌,且用慰遲暮。
羣雞正亂叫,客至雞鬥爭。
驅雞上樹木,始聞叩柴荊。
父老四五人,問我久遠行。
手中各有攜,傾榼濁復清。
莫辭酒味薄,黍地無人耕。
兵戈既未息,兒童盡東征。
請爲父老歌,艱難愧深情。
歌罷仰天嘆,四座淚縱橫。

検索結果

https://fanti.dugushici.com/ancient_proses/10217







 "第六次提及的是洪煨蓮。胡適認為美國人Robert Payne所譯杜甫《羌村詩》,「大概受了洪煨蓮的影響」。洪煨蓮(一八九三─一九八○),福建人,歷史學家,一九四○年代末移居美國,先後在哈佛、耶魯等高校講授杜甫,並撰有《中國最偉大的詩人杜甫》【hc案:近年中國有譯本】一書於一九五二年出版。洪在是書序言中稱自己英文欠佳,謬誤甚多,但多數學者認為其將杜詩譯得格外傳神。Robert Payne想必是洪的得意弟子或忠實讀者,故先生有此一說。"








Biographies小部分

  • Sun Yat-Sen: a Portrait, Asia Press (1946).
  • Mao Tse-tung: Ruler of Red China (1950). Revised editions published as Portrait of a revolutionary: Mao Tse-tung (1961) and Mao Tse-tung (1969). All editions include an historical account of China from the Taiping Rebellion, but are centered around Mao's life and philosophy.

Wikipedia
Pierre Stephen Robert Payne (4 December 1911 – 18 February 1983) was an English-born author, known principally for works of biography and history, although he also wrote novels, poetry, magazine articles and many other works. After working in Singapore and China, he moved to the United States in 1946 and became a professor of English literature. From 1954 onwards he lived as a writer in New York.
A prolific author, Payne is best known for his biographies of prominent historical figures, such as Leonardo da VinciHitlerStalinKarl MarxLeninMao Zedong and Mahatma Gandhi, several of which were selected for Book of the Month Club. These works are praised for their readability and literary power, although not always for their historical rigour.

胡適日記1953.11.24 (海耶克此書(到奴役之路)論社會主義與自由不能共存,其意甚可取......我是自由主義者,其主要的信條乃是一種健全的個人主義 (individualism),不能接受各種社會主義信條。)

 胡適日記1953.11.24  (海耶克此書論社會主義與自由不能共存,其意甚可取......我是自由主義者,其主要的信條乃是一種健全的個人主義 (individualism),不能接受各種社會主義信條。)

寫短文 追念吳稚暉先生。

自由中國 (IX,5~6)有殷海光譯的到奴役之路,第2章章首引言

那常使國家變成人間地獄者,正是人想把國家變成天國之一念。 (按:此句翻譯笨重,有點失真)

Holderlin — 'What has always made the state a hell on earth has been precisely that man has tried to make it heaven.'

胡適如何找出他1941的類似言論?