Sir William Johnstone "Tony" Keswick 兄弟

胡適日記全集, 第 6卷 1930-33
p.288  1930/10/4
p.289  1960.10.5 -- 胡適似乎將W.J. 寫成W.I. (Tony)  希望胡適指點他決定其生活方針


凱瑟克家族來自蘇格蘭，自19世紀開始與亞洲及香港有密切關係，為怡和洋行的主要股東。

Sir William Johnstone "Tony" Keswick (1903–1990)

"Tony" Keswick arrived in the far east in 1926. He and his brother remained Directors of the firm after they had left the Far East. He was in charge of the Shanghai office (at that time the Head Office in the Far East) from 1935 until 1941. He was also Chairman of the Shanghai Municipal Council during the crises leading to the Pacific War. He was shot in the arm by a Japanese at a Municipal Election Meeting held on the Shanghai Racecourse in 1941. The company's Chinese business interests were looted by occupying Japanese forces.
During World War II, he, along with his brother John, served as senior intelligence operatives with the British Special Operations Executive (SOE).
After the war he took over as Managing Director of Matheson & Co. Ltd, in London. Amongst his other business activities, he was Governor of the Hudson's Bay Company, Director of the Bank of England, Vice-Chairman of Alliance Assurance, and Director of British Petroleum.
He was a friend of the sculptor Henry Moore and placed several statues in particularly scenic spots on the hillsides of the Keswick estate.^[1]

Sir William Johnstone "Tony" Keswick (1903-1990) [編集]

ジョン・ケズウィック (1906-1982) [編集]

1929年、上海に到着。ジャーディン・マセソン商会上海支店（中国本店）で働く。1930年代、同盟通信社（共同通信社の前身）上海支局長時代の松本重治に出会っている。松本は、ジョン・ケズウィックの人脈を頼りに英国紳士が集う「上海クラブ」に入会している。後に、松本の招きで樺山愛輔（白洲次郎の妻・正子の父）もゲストとして招かれている。
太平洋戦争が始まり、米国が原爆をも視野に入れた満州爆撃を計画したとき、経済的損失を恐れたジョン・ケズウィックは英国で爆撃中止のためのロビー活動を展開。当時のクレメント・アトリー首相（労働党）をワシントンに飛ばせ、爆撃中止を実現させた。^[1]戦況が悪化していた時期は、スリランカのセイロンに逃れた。
1949年、中華人民共和国の建国後は拠点を香港に移す。中国大陸の支店網はすべて1954年に接収・閉鎖され、2000万ドルの損失を被る。
1952年、香港政庁の非官守（官職）議員に就任。1953年に会長職を辞任した後、1956年にマセソン社に加わる。また、1963年に「英中貿易協会」（SBTC）会長に就任（～1973年）し、共産主義国となった中国との貿易再開に奔走する。1972年に英中の外交関係が完全に正常化し、1973年に周恩来首相と北京で会談。英国産業技術展も開催され、周恩来も視察に訪れる。1970年から1972年まで、ジャーディン・マセソンで代表権のない会長職を務めた。
戦時中、英国政府の諜報業務を担っていたという説もある^[2]。日本と戦う中国の支援が目的で、英国特殊作戦執行部 (SOE)の中国での活動を指揮して、巨大なスパイ網を展開していたという。

The Hon. Sir John "The Younger" Keswick (1906–1982)

John followed his brother to the far east in 1929, and replaced him in Shanghai after the shooting incident. He fled the city when the Japanese took the city. He escaped to Ceylon (Sri Lanka) and served during the war with Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten's staff.
John Keswick returned to Shanghai after the war to organize in the rebuilding of Jardine's office and to reestablish the firm's trading links throughout China and Asia. In 1949, after the communist party's takeover of China. Jardine's head office was moved to Hong Kong. Despite attempting to work with the communists business conditions became worse. Operations were closed in 1954 with the effective nationalisation of the company's interests and a $20m loss.
John Keswick became a member of the Hong Kong Executive Council in 1952. He retired as Tai-pan in 1953 and joined Matheson & Co in 1956. He returned temporarily as non-executive Chairman of Jardine Matheson in Hong Kong in 1970 to 1972. While in England he and his brother financed the buy-out and then public flotation of Jardine Matheson.