2022年1月28日 星期五

胡適有聽 "聽" 羅斯福總統 1941年12月9日的Fireside chat 嗎?: 對日宣戰 On the Declaration of War with Japan








Fireside chats - Wikipedia




https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Fireside_chats





The fireside chats were a series of evening radio addresses given by Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd President of the United States, between 1933 and 1944.
Date: March 12, 1933 – June 12, 1944
Duration: 11–44 minutes





19 Tuesday, December 9, 1941 On the Declaration of War with Japan 26:19 [36]




James MacGregor Burns · 2017 · ‎Biography & Autobiography
5438- 5439; Lilienthal (Hu Shih's remembrance), p. ... Roosevelt's press conference and fireside chat of Dec.g, 1941: PPA, 1941, pp. 516-530.

2022年1月24日 星期一

Thomas Hardy 哈代 1840~1928;胡適之先生;徐志摩先生。張谷若; 吳奚真

 


胡適之先生;翻譯;中華教育基金會。英文小說課子


胡適 譯 哈代 的 (引)詩《別離》《月光裡》;《還鄉記》、《德伯家的苔絲》;胡適父子練習翻譯: Return of the Native by Thomas Hardy 一段




胡適還在1924年和1925年,先後翻譯了英國作家哈代的兩首詩《別離》《月光裡》。

胡適譯此詩末段,不過抄錯第一字,是By,非In。他知道出處是John Donne的
Present in Absence,不過他只記得詩題是"Absence"。他引的末段之標點也與下述的不同。


Search Results

The Hand of Ethelberta by Thomas Hardy: Chapter 40

www.online-literature.com › Thomas Hardy › The Hand of Ethelberta

'By absence this good means I gain, That I can catch her, Where none can watch her, In some close corner of my brain: There I embrace and kiss her; And so I ...

  
   English Poetry I: From Chaucer to Gray.
The Harvard Classics.  1909–14.
176. Present in Absence
John Donne (1573–1631)

ABSENCE, hear thou my protestation
    Against thy strength,
    Distance, and length;
Do what thou canst for alteration:
  For hearts of truest mettle        5
  Absence doth join, and Time doth settle.
Who loves a mistress of such quality,
    His mind hath found
    Affection’s ground
Beyond time, place, and all mortality.        10
  To hearts that cannot vary
  Absence is present, Time doth tarry.
My senses want their outward motion
    Which now within
    Reason doth win,        15
Redoubled by her secret notion:
  Like rich men that take pleasure
  In hiding more than handling treasure.
By absence this good means I gain,
    That I can catch her,        20
    Where none can watch her,
In some close corner of my brain:
  There I embrace and kiss her;
  And so enjoy her and none miss her.

胡適譯: 別離

不見也有不見的好處:
    我倒可以見著她,
    不怕有人監著她,
在我腦海的深窈處;
    我可以抱著她,親她的臉;
    雖然不見,抵得長相見。

pp.119-120
----
pp. 125-27



Harriet Monroe, ed. (1860–1936).  The New Poetry: An Anthology.  1917.
152. In the Moonlight
By Thomas Hardy

“O LONELY workman, standing there
In a dream, why do you stare and stare
At her grave, as no other grave there were?
“If your great gaunt eyes so importune
Her soul by the shine of this corpse-cold moon,        5
Maybe you’ll raise her phantom soon!”
“Why, fool, it is what I would rather see
Than all the living folk there be;
But alas, there is no such joy for me!”
“Ah—she was one you loved, no doubt,        10
Through good and evil, through rain and drought,
And when she passed, all your sun went out?”
“Nay: she was the woman I did not love,
Whom all the others were ranked above,
Whom during her life I thought nothing of.”
胡適說:「我讀了覺得它好玩,遂譯了出來。」這首詩確實有味,胡適到底還是個有趣味之人。另一首《月光裡》卻是別一種情境了。詩以擬兩人在墳地的談話交織。一個問這麼大一片墳地,你為何只看著一個墳墓,不怕看出鬼來。另一聲音回答:我寧願見伊的鬼。

胡適譯: 月光裡


    『喂,孤寂的工人,你為什麼
        癡癡地站在這兒瞪著伊的墳墓,
        好像偌大的墳園只葬著伊一個?
***
       『萬一你那雙絕望的眼睛,
           在這淒冷的月光裡惱怒了伊的靈,
           萬一伊的鬼走了出來,可不要嚇死了人?』
***
        『你懂什麼!那可不趁了我的心願!
            我寧願見伊的鬼,不願看誰的面。
            可憐呵,我那會有那樣的奇緣。』
***
     這樣看來,伊一定是你戀愛的人,
      安樂與患難變不了你的心;
      如今伊死了,你便失去了你的光明? 』

***
     不是的:伊不曾受到過我愛情的供養;
     我當時總覺得別人都比伊強;
     可憐伊在日,我從不曾把伊放在心上!

****
第五次說的是張谷若。胡適回憶自己當年主持中華教育文化基金會編譯委員會時,曾以高額稿酬請人翻譯了哈代的兩部長篇小說《還鄉記》、《德伯家的苔絲》。胡適清清楚楚地記得譯者是「張恩裕,字谷若,北京大學英文係畢業的」。


BBC

BBC Radio 4 的相片。




胡適日記 1931/8/14 他們(父子--胡適和瀛兒) 練習的翻譯應該是這段 (黑體字是他認為不好翻譯的字)

我現在還不知道此兒是哥還是弟。
怎樣說,他們都是很早就學英文。
"胡适有三子。长子祖望,出生在1919年3月16日,距胡适母丧仅四个月,取名“祖望”有望祖的意思;次女素斐,出生于1920年8月16日,不幸在1925年5月早夭;幼子思杜,出生在1921年12月17日,这天正好也是胡适的生日,取名“思杜”是为了表示对恩师美国哲学家杜威的感激之情。"



A well proportioned mind is one which shows no particular bias; one of which we may safely say that it will never cause its owner to be confined as a madman, tortured as a heretic, or crucified as a blasphemer. Also, on the other hand, that it will never cause him to be applauded as a prophet, revered as a priest, or exalted as a king. Its usual blessings are happiness and mediocrity.
--- Return of the Native byThomas Hardy


The Return of the Native - Page 75 - gutenberg - hardy thomas


proportioned mind is one which shows no particular bias; one of which we may safely ...


胡適之先生講"發揮" /翻譯相關: 張恩裕《苔絲》 TESS OF THE D'URBERVILLES (1891)甚用心. 此人當有成就

講"發揮",可參考胡適之先生在1936年版的《胡適留學日記‧自序》中說的:
我從自己經驗裏得到一個道理,曾用英文寫出來:
Expression is the most effective means of approximating impression.
譯成中國話就是:
要使你所得印象變成你自己的,最有效的法子是記錄或表現成文章。
......你自己必須把這題目研究清楚,然後使用自己的話把它發揮出來,成為一篇有條理的演講。你經過這一番「表現」或「發揮」expression之後,那些空泛的印象變著實了,.......

這種方式是求知識學問的一種幫助,也是思想的一種幫助。它的方式有多種,讀書作提要
,札記,寫信,談話,演說,作文,都有這種作用。札記是為自己的了解的;談話,討論,寫信,是求一個朋友的了解的;演說,作文,是求一群人的了解的,這都是「發揮」,都有幫助自己了解的功用。
......我寫這一大段話,是要我的讀者明白我為什麼在百忙的學生生活裏那樣起勁寫札記。......
 *****

胡適日記全集, 第 6卷 1930-33
頁730  1933.12.23   胡適之先生"校讀張恩裕翻譯的Tess《苔絲》.... (12.22 即說:此譯甚用心. 此人當有成就)

张恩裕(1903~1994)笔名张谷若。山东烟台人。1930年毕业于北京大学西语系。
张谷若以成功译介哈代的三部小说《还乡》、《德伯家的苔丝》、《无名的裘德》而著名,其中《德伯家的苔丝》译本最受广大读者欢迎。...ˇ






周作人1966.2.10 致信香港的徐訏, 說他1937-38一年"......靠胡適之的編譯會的譯書的事 總算混過去了....."---hc按: 周要養約10口人。
這編譯會是中英基金會支持的。 胡適給的稿費通常可讓教授一年生活 (卞之琳拿預付款。到日本去翻譯.....)
------
胡適日記全集, 第 6卷 1930-33
頁730  1933.12.23  可讀 胡適之先生談翻譯之一:.....今不加咀嚼....豈不更失翻譯原意....



Poet and novelist Thomas Hardy was born in Stinsford, Dorset, England on this day in 1840.
"She had no fear of the shadows; her sole idea seemed to be to shun mankind — or rather that cold accretion called the world, which, so terrible in the mass, is so unformidable, even pitiable, in its units."
—from TESS OF THE D'URBERVILLES (1891)
 ⋯⋯

One of Thomas Hardy’s most famous novels is the story of an innocent young woman victimized by the double standards of her day. Set in the magical Wessex landscape so familiar from Hardy’s early work, Tess of the d’Urbervilles is unique among his great novels for the intense feeling that he lavished upon his heroine, Tess, a pure woman betrayed by love. Hardy poured all of his profound empathy for both humanity and the rhythms of natural life into this story of her beauty, goodness, and tragic fate. READ more here: https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/…/tess-of-the-durbervil…/


胡適之先生與翻譯,多處:


1月〈從譯本裏研究佛教的禪法〉

5月2日短文〈論譯事〉《現代評論》(一卷二一期)

5月11日 自題〈日黃中〉前面的幾句話: 「......我現在也欠我自己少做詩,多譯詩。這一冊 (按:《胡適之先生詩歌手跡》(上海:商務))是譯詩居多.......」

是月譯白朗寧的〈你總有愛我的一天〉,《胡適之先生詩歌手跡》中有「在公園譯」。

7月11日譯薛萊Shelley 的小詩

7月23日譯哈代Thomas Hardy的〈月光裏〉

8月20日譯葛德的 Harfenspieler (按日記中詩的翻譯討論介紹,值得專文記述之,參考《嘗試後集此詩的說,又當今留傳的歌德原書中的翻譯.......)


〈別離〉胡適翻譯自哈代(Thomas Hardy) 的小說 The Hand of Ethelberta: A Comedy in Chapters (1876)

 1924年11月12日,胡適讀完The Hand of Ethelberta: A Comedy in Chapters is a novel by Thomas Hardy, published in 1876.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hand_of_Ethelberta


其中引 John Donne 的 Absence 末章,胡適將它翻譯成〈別離〉


Christopher was now over five-and-twenty.  He was getting so well
accustomed to the spectacle of a world passing him by and splashing him
with its wheels that he wondered why he had ever minded it.  His habit of
dreaming instead of doing had led him up to a curious discovery.  It is
no new thing for a man to fathom profundities by indulging humours: the
active, the rapid, the people of splendid momentum, have been surprised
to behold what results attend the lives of those whose usual plan for
discharging their active labours has been to postpone them indefinitely.
Certainly, the immediate result in the present case was, to all but
himself, small and invisible; but it was of the nature of highest things.
What he had learnt was that a woman who has once made a permanent
impression upon a man cannot altogether deny him her image by denying him
her company, and that by sedulously cultivating the acquaintance of this
Creature of Contemplation she becomes to him almost a living soul.  Hence
a sublimated Ethelberta accompanied him everywhere--one who never teased
him, eluded him, or disappointed him: when he smiled she smiled, when he
was sad she sorrowed.  He may be said to have become the literal
duplicate of that whimsical unknown rhapsodist who wrote of his own
similar situation--

   'By absence this good means I gain, 不見也有不見的好處:
      That I can catch her,                我倒可以見著她,                                   
      Where none can watch her,            不怕有誰監著她, 
   In some close corner of my brain:    在我腦海的深窈處;   
      There I embrace and kiss her;         我可以抱著她,親她的臉;
      And so I both enjoy and miss her.'    雖然不見,抵得長相見。 

This frame of mind naturally induced an amazing abstraction in the
organist, never very vigilant at the best of times. 





From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to navigationJump to search

First edition title page

The Hand of Ethelberta: A Comedy in Chapters is a novel by Thomas Hardy, published in 1876. It was written, in serial form, for the Cornhill Magazine, which was edited by Leslie Stephen, a friend and mentor of Hardy's. Unlike the majority of Hardy's fiction, the novel is a comedy, with both humour and a happy ending for the major characters and no suicides or tragic deaths. The late nineteenth century novelist George Gissing, who knew Hardy, considered it 'surely old Hardy's poorest book'.[1]





徐志摩先生。英國造訪Thomas Hardy 哈代

Thomas Hardy (1840-1928 / Dorchester / England) 近90歲都還可以寫詩 徐志摩(在英國曾專程搭火車拜訪之)的年齡少他一半多的時候 翻譯他83/86歲的生日詩 陸小曼說譯得還可以.....可惜這些中英文文稿待查 有意思的是 蔣復璁先生說胡適是徐的唯一知音 胡徐兩人在這方面的文學喜號/人生觀等 似乎相差甚大

兩位優秀譯者

張谷若; 吳奚真


Wikipedia

跳至導覽跳至搜尋

湯瑪士·哈代
Thomas Hardy
Thomashardy restored.jpg
出生1840年6月2日
英格蘭 英格蘭多塞特郡多爾切斯特
逝世1928年1月11日(享年87歲)
英格蘭 英格蘭多塞特郡多爾切斯特
職業小說家、詩人
母校倫敦國王學院
文學運動自然主義
配偶Emma Lavinia Gifford (1874–1912)
Florence Dugdale (1914–28)
受影響於亞瑟·叔本華查爾斯·達爾文查爾斯·狄更斯約翰·彌爾頓夏綠蒂·勃朗特
施影響於西奧多·德萊賽菲利普·拉金大衛·赫伯特·勞倫斯史蒂芬·金約翰·福爾斯

簽名

湯瑪士·哈代OMThomas Hardy,1840年6月2日-1928年1月11日),英國作家,生於農村沒落貴族家庭。

生平[編輯]

哈代於英國多爾切斯特攻讀建築,及後於1862年前往倫敦,並成為倫敦國王學院學生,學習建築工程,同時從事文學哲學神學的研究。哈代當過幾年建築師,曾獲英國皇家建築師協會建築聯盟學院獎項,後致力於文學創作。

創作特色[編輯]

他一生寫了許多作品,他的小說多以農村生活為背景,前期作品長篇小說《綠蔭下》、《遠離塵囂》,將宗法制農村生活理想化,反對工業化城市文明。以後作品現實主義成分逐漸加強。長篇小說《還鄉》、《卡斯特橋市長》和《林中居民》,通過書中人物的悲慘遭遇,反映工業化勢力深入農村後英國宗法制農村的巨大變化。《德伯家的苔絲》和《無名的裘德》是他的兩部代表作長篇小說,前者描寫農村姑娘遭受富人迫害以至毀滅的悲劇,後者描寫農村青年在工業社會中理想被毀滅的故事。他晚年轉向詩歌創作,寫出詩劇《統治者》,痛斥給人民帶來苦難的暴君。

他所寫作品對人民貧窮不幸的生活充滿同情,對工業文明和道德作了深刻的揭露和批判,但他的作品也帶有一些悲觀情緒和宿命論色彩。

作品[編輯]

哈代具有詩人與小說家的雙重身分,除了小品文,長篇小說、短篇小說、詩歌、詩劇,皆有質量上的創作,自1871年發表一部長篇小說後,每隔一二年就出版一部小說,共出版十四部長篇小說,有七部被列為英國小說中的偉大作品。

長篇小說[編輯]

  • 《絕望的救濟》Desperate Remedies: A Novel (1871)
  • 《綠蔭下》Under the Greenwood Tree: A Rural Painting of the Dutch School (1872)
  • 《一雙藍眼睛》A Pair of Blue Eyes: A Novel (1873)
  • 《遠離塵囂》Far from the Madding Crowd (1874) 吳奚真
  • 《伊索貝塔的真愛》The Hand of Ethelberta: A Comedy in Chapters (1876)
  • 歸鄉》The Return of the Native (1878) 張谷若
  • 《司令長》The Trumpet-Major (1880)
  • 《冷漠的人》A Laodicean: A Story of To-day (1881)
  • 《塔上戀人》Two on a Tower: A Romance (1882)
  • 《卡斯特橋市長的生活與死亡》The Mayor of Casterbridge: The Life and Death of a Man of Character (1886)《卡斯特橋市長》吳奚真
  • 《林居人》The Woodlanders (1887)
  • 德伯家的苔絲:一個純潔的少女》Tess of the d'Urbervilles: A Pure Woman Faithfully Presented (1891) 張谷若
  • 《深受愛載者》The Well-Beloved: A Sketch of a Temperament (1897) (first published as a serial from 1892)
  • 無名的裘德》Jude the Obscure (1895) 張谷若

短篇故事[編輯]

  • 《牛奶女工的浪漫冒險》"The Romantic Adventures of a Milkmaid" (1883) (collected in A Changed Man and Other Stories)
  • 《三個陌生人》"The Three Strangers" (1883) (collected in Wessex Tales)
  • 《威塞克斯故事集》Wessex Tales (1888, a collection of short stories)
  • 《一群高貴的淑女》A Group of Noble Dames (1891, a collection of short stories)
  • 《生活的小諷刺》Life's Little Ironies (1894, a collection of short stories)

詩集[編輯]

  • 《威塞克斯的詩與其他》Wessex Poems and Other Verses (1898)
  • 《過去與現在的詩》Poems of the Past and the Present (1901)
  • 《時光的笑柄》Time's Laughingstocks and Other Verses (1909)
  • 《現實的諷刺》Satires of Circumstance (1914)
  • 《幻想時刻》Moments of Vision (1917)
  • 《詩集》Collected Poems (1919)
  • 《晚期與早期抒情詩》Late Lyrics and Earlier with Many Other Verses (1922)
  • 《人間萬象、遙遠之夢:歌謠與瑣事》Human Shows, Far Phantasies, Songs and Trifles (1925)
  • 《心境與格律的冬詞》Winter Words in Various Moods and Metres (1928)

詩劇[編輯]

  • 《王朝:拿破崙與戰爭的詩戲》(The Dynasts: An Epic-Drama of the War with Napoleon (verse drama)
    • 《王朝》第一部The Dynasts, Part 1 (1904))
    • 《王朝》第二部(The Dynasts, Part 2 (1906)
    • 《王朝》第三部(The Dynasts, Part 3 (1908)
  • 《康沃爾女王的悲劇》The Famous Tragedy of the Queen of Cornwall at Tintagel in Lyonnesse (1923)



A Daughter of the D'Urbervilles? Here is an autograph manuscript of Tess of the d'Urbervilles by Thomas Hardy, where the original title was crossed out. You can see revisions to the dialogue, marking changes from standard English to dialectal phrasing, such as ‘t'ye’ and ‘well as I know 'ee by sight’. #ManuscriptMonday
Find the first and final chapters here: 🔗http://www.bl.uk/....../manuscript-of-the-first-and......
📜Add MS 38182
Manuscript of Thomas Hardy's draft of Tess of the D'Urbervilles