2017年12月29日 星期五

思考"建築、繪畫、雕塑"之整合:從1776到1935: Laocoön 拉奧孔 (G. E. Lessing 萊辛 1776)、胡適 1935

2017年12月胡適紀念:


1.胡適與時事畫/漫畫 (cartoons);

2.《胡適留學日記》諸多寶貝;

3.   思考"建築、繪畫、雕塑"之整合:從1776到1935: Laocoön 拉奧孔 (G. E. Lessing 萊辛  1776)、胡適 1935





Its object being the evocation of sentiment in others , art is primarily a social phenomenon. p.2

因為胡適用的藝術史教科書,找到 "Laocoön 拉奧孔及其二子 Laocoön and His Sons ":"
Fig. 102,  p.69  (Museum of the Vatican .)
所以我們能猜測他的教養:
104 . —HEAD o r A POLLO . m .

p.70
This eloquence of physical suffering, so touchrnly rendered in the head of the young giant, is carried still farther in the famous La oco b ' n group in the Vatican , the work of three Rhodian sculptors , who executed it about the year 50B . C . (Fig .69) Now that the marvels of the great




《胡適日記》諸多寶貝







 Lessing appears to adumbrate modern semitoics when he argues that the sign a specific medium can represent is limited to its mode. Laocoön (i.e., the man represented) cannot cry out because sculpture's mode is the static marble: poetry or drama is the only one which can directly represent Laocoön's pain.




It is , in fact , to be noted that all the animals represented by quaternary art are of the comestible kinds , which sav ages engraved o r painted in order to attract them by a sort of magic sympathy .



Dolmens and menhirs mark the beginnings of architecture , but of archi tecture scarcely worthy of the name, for decoration O ma n —133 m m PLAQUE plays hardly any part in Found In Sweden. (Stockholm Museum.) it, and the elements of construction can claim no excellence other than that of a massive solidity . 







音節
 
men • hir
 
発音
 
ménhiər
[名詞] 〔考古〕 メンヒル:先史時代の巨石記念物;1個または数個が直列または環状に並べられた;Cornwall,Brittany などに見られる.
語源
1840.<ブルトン men hir=men 石+hir 長い



音節
 
dol • men
 
発音
 
dóulmen,-mən,dɑ'l-|dɔ'lmen
[名詞]
  1. 1〔考古〕 ((英)) ドルメン,卓石,支石墓:2個以上の大きな自然石を立て並べ平石を載せた太古の遺物;新石器時代から鉄器時代にかけて世界的に分布している. cf. CHAMBER TOMB
  2. 2〔考古〕 ((仏)) 巨石墓.
語源
1859.<フランス語<コーンウォール tolmen 石の穴(フランスの考古学者により CROMLECH の意と解された)




音節
  
qua • ter • nar • y
  
発音
  
kwɑ'tərnèri,kwətə'ːrnəri|kwətə'ːnəri
[形容詞]
  1. 14要素[部分]から成る;4つずつに並んだ,4つ一組になった.
  2. 2(順序・階級・等級などの)4番目の,(一連のもののうちの)4つ目の.
  3. 3〔地質〕 ((Q-)) 第四紀の. cf. NEOGENEGEOLOGIC TIME(表)
  4. 4〔冶金〕 〈合金が〉四元の:4つの主要成分から成る.
  5. 5〔数学〕 四変数の.
━━ [名詞] (pl. -nar・ies)
  1. 14つ[4個,4部]一組のもの.
  2. 2(数字の)4.
  3. 3〔地質〕 ((the Q-)) 第四紀:地質時代の最後の紀;新生代(Cenozoic Era)の後期で,およそ200万年前に始まり,現世(Recent)と更新世(Pleistocene Epoch)を含む.
  4. 4=quaternary ammonium compound.




音節
  
co • mes • ti • ble
  
発音
  
kəméstəbl
[形容詞] ((まれ)) 食用に適した,食べられる
    • comestible seaweed
    • 食用海草.
━━ [名詞] ((通例 comestibles)) 食料品,食べ物.

 adumbrate

 【動詞】 【他動詞】1〈…の〉輪郭を(漠然と)示す; 〈理論・考えなどを〉漠然と示す.2〈未来を〉予示する.3〈…を〉暗くする.



adumbrate




VERB

[WITH OBJECT]formal 
  • 1Represent in outline.
    ‘Hobhouse had already adumbrated the idea of a welfare state’
    1. 1.1 Indicate faintly.
      ‘the walls were only adumbrated by the meagre light’
  • 2Foreshadow (a future event)
    ‘tenors solemnly adumbrate the fate of the convicted sinner’
  • 3Overshadow.
    ‘her happy reminiscences were adumbrated by consciousness of something else’

Origin

Late 16th century: from Latin adumbrat- ‘shaded’, from the verb adumbrare, from ad- ‘to’ (as an intensifier) + umbrare ‘cast a shadow’ (from umbra ‘shade’).

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